PhD Candidate in Social Norms and Gender Inequalities in the Labour Market

Research Project: Social Norms and Gender Inequalities in the Labour Market

Despite efforts to close gender gaps in the labour market, they remain pervasive. In the Netherlands in 2021, women, compared to men, are 7 percentage points (pp) less likely to be in the labour force, 43pp more likely to be in part-time employment and earn 13% lower hourly wages (Statistics Netherlands, 2024). Why are these gender inequalities, causing economic inefficiency due to misallocation of female talent, so persistent? Parenthood is a primary driver, explained by traditional gender roles that refer to the gendered division of household production and labour-market production. Explanations for why family policies (childcare, parental leave) had little impact and why gender gaps persist relate to the importance of the slow-moving changes in gender and social norms. Currently, mechanisms underlying how and where social norms and gender inequalities in the labour market change are poorly understood. The main aim of this project is to fill this knowledge gap using quantitative research methods on administrative data from Statistics Netherlands and (experimental) survey data for (European) countries.

The position comprises the following tasks:

• Conduct innovative research on the topic social norms and gender gaps;
• Write a PhD Thesis in Economics;
• Submit research results for publication in academic journals;
• Present papers at international conferences;
• Participate in seminars, workshops and conferences;
• Actively disseminate research findings to both academic and non-academic audiences;
• Teach in the programmes of the Department of Economics;
• Follow PhD courses based on an individual training plan.

Selection Criteria

• A (Research) Master’s degree in economics, public administration, or political science;
• Excellent skills in empirical research methods and writing, demonstrated by a bachelor or master thesis, a single-authored course paper and/or a publication;
• Experience in using statistical software (e.g. Stata, R);
• An interest in applied microeconomics and working with large datasets is considered an advantage;
• An interest in experimental techniques and working with survey experiments is considered an advantage;
• An excellent command of the English language and willingness to progressively learn the Dutch language and context is considered an advantage;
• Work well with others in teams.

Team

Together with dr. Simona Cicognani and dr. Jordy Meekes (daily PhD supervisors), you will work in a broader team of (early-career) researchers who are working on closely related projects. We work together to make a difference, celebrate our bigger and smaller successes and look out for each other. Moreover, a good work-life balance is important to us, and we offer the flexibility to combine work with other responsibilities. You will start in a cohort with another PhD Candidate. We also have vacancies for one other PhD position: PhD Candidate in Economics (0.8-1.0 fte).

Our Department

The Department of Economics is a young, vibrant research community, with offices in Leiden and The Hague. The department has been growing steadily and will continue to grow with the new bachelor and master programmes in The Hague. The department has a reputation of working together in teams on joint research projects, while at the same time giving individual researchers the autonomy and flexibility to pursue other research interests as well. In the broad field of economics, the activities of the department are concentrated on socio-economic policy, law and economics, the functioning of the labour market and social security. The department provides courses for a number of study programmes, such as political science, public administration, liberal arts, and law. Moreover, the department co-organizes the bachelor programme ‘Economics, Governance and Management’ and the master programme ‘Economics and Governance’ with the Institute of Public Administration. In addition, we are developing new bachelor and master programmes in the Hague that will start in the Fall of 2025.

Our Faculty

The Department of Economics is part of the Leiden Law School (ranked #1 in the Netherlands for the subject of law and #21 in the 2022 QS World University Rankings by Subject). Leiden Law School is located in Leiden and The Hague. With more than 6500 students and around 1000 staff, it is one of the largest university faculties in the Netherlands. The faculty focuses on innovative multidisciplinary research and educational programmes that are constantly renewed in response to issues in society. Our faculty is large enough to make a difference nationally and internationally, yet small enough to offer personalised education. This is how we contribute to a safe and sustainable world, each and every day. The Faculty is housed in the beautifully restored Kamerlingh Onnes Building on the Steenschuur in Leiden. The Department of Economics also has offices in The Hague. Working for the Leiden Law School means working in a welcoming and inspiring scientific environment.

Terms & Conditions

• We offer a stimulating and intellectually challenging work environment that fosters personal development and is determined to make a difference when it comes to key societal challenges.
• The PhD position is for 0.8-1.0 fte.
• The appointment as a PhD student will be for a period of four to five years (initially for a period of one year with an extension of three to four years after positive evaluation of progress and skills development) leading to the successful completion of a PhD thesis. The appointment will be under the terms of the cao (Collective Labour Agreement) of Dutch Universities.
• Starting date: 1st of September 2024 (some flexibility is possible).
• The (fulltime) gross yearly salary is set on € 38.669,- in the first year, increasing to €49.404,- in the final year. This includes holiday (8%) and end-of-year bonuses (8.3%).
• Leiden University offers excellent secondary employment conditions, including an attractive benefits package with training and career development (including, for example, language courses, teaching courses and project management courses), support from the PhD dean, and we facilitate a good work-life balance via flexible working hours and various leave arrangements. Our individual choices model also gives you some freedom to assemble your own set of terms and conditions. Candidates from outside the Netherlands may be eligible for a substantial tax break.

Diversity and inclusion

Diversity and inclusion are core values of Leiden University. Leiden University is committed to becoming an inclusive community which enables all students and staff to feel valued and respected and to develop their full potential. Diversity in experiences and perspectives enriches our teaching and strengthens our research. High quality teaching and research is inclusive. We therefore especially welcome applications from members of underrepresented groups.